MODIFIED FEEDING
True bugs are found in a wide variety of habitats varying from open oceans, woody tissue, funghi to plants, giving rise to their highly modified feeding styles (Schuh & Slater 1995). Most true bugs have an opistognathous (mouthparts are directed posteriorly) or progranthous (mouthparts are directed anteriorly) head orientation (Gullan & Cranston 1994). A majority of Hemipterans feed on vascular plants with predation and blood-sucking confined to the suborder Heteroptera (Dolling 1991). A significant amount of Hemipterans have exploited the wide variety of food sources, making them one of the most successful orders of the Arthropods (Schuh & Slater 1995).
The three modified feeding types found across the order Hemiptera are (Schuh & Slater 1995):
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